May Mallahzadeh ⏤ 2024

May Mallahzadeh ⏤ 2024

Making sense

This page unpacks the data and shares insights from the two stages of research.

Making sense

This page unpacks the data and shares insights from the two stages of research.

I’m seeing numerous institutional scenarios where the everyday life of the individual is a rich source of information, properly harnessed. This data can help the individual, inform other people's decisions, and motivate the institutions of science to ask better questions. I think we’ll be hearing more 'obvious' and less 'crazy' in the years to come.

Susannah Fox, researcher

I’m seeing numerous institutional scenarios where the everyday life of the individual is a rich source of information, properly harnessed. This data can help the individual, inform other people's decisions, and motivate the institutions of science to ask better questions. I think we’ll be hearing more 'obvious' and less 'crazy' in the years to come.

Susannah Fox, researcher

Making sense of stage 1

Series of Interviews with 13 Patients, 4 Providers, and 5 Researchers

Making sense of stage 1

Series of Interviews with 13 Patients, 4 Providers, and 5 Researchers

Disclaimer: While reviewing the information on this page, remember that there are patients who enter the healthcare system in a passive role. However, most of the people I spoke with were willing to engage with me and other researchers, making them more active participants.

Since I spoke with more patients than researchers and providers, the data you are about to see is predominantly from the patient perspective. Drawing conclusions from only five researchers and four providers would not be very realistic.

Disclaimer: While reviewing the information on this page, remember that there are patients who enter the healthcare system in a passive role. However, most of the people I spoke with were willing to engage with me and other researchers, making them more active participants.

Since I spoke with more patients than researchers and providers, the data you are about to see is predominantly from the patient perspective. Drawing conclusions from only five researchers and four providers would not be very realistic.

Care map


People living with long covid often see themselves as their primary source of care, especially when family members or caregivers do not believe in the symptoms they describe. However, people with diabetes rely mostly on the healthcare system and providers, as diabetes management is supported by a more established care process.


Overall, people's care isn't limited to the healthcare system; they receive support from various sources, including products and individuals.

Care map


People living with long covid often see themselves as their primary source of care, especially when family members or caregivers do not believe in the symptoms they describe. However, people with diabetes rely mostly on the healthcare system and providers, as diabetes management is supported by a more established care process.


Overall, people's care isn't limited to the healthcare system; they receive support from various sources, including products and individuals.

The closer the label is to 'Long COVID,' or 'Diabetes,' the more frequently people identify that source as a component of their care

The closer the label is to 'Long COVID,' or 'Diabetes,' the more frequently people identify that source as a component of their care

Healthcare journey


While navigating diabetes care is more straightforward than managing long covid, longstanding challenges persist, including: financial burden, healthcare access, education and information, psychological impact, coordination of care.

These issues, frequently mentioned by my participants and well-documented in academic papers and online resources, have persisted for many years. But why? Is the healthcare system unaware of them? Are there silos within healthcare preventing effective solutions, or are these issues simply being overlooked?


Insurance challenges continue to be one of the biggest hurdles.

Healthcare journey


While navigating diabetes care is more straightforward than managing long covid, longstanding challenges persist, including: financial burden, healthcare access, education and information, psychological impact, coordination of care.

These issues, frequently mentioned by my participants and well-documented in academic papers and online resources, have persisted for many years. But why? Is the healthcare system unaware of them? Are there silos within healthcare preventing effective solutions, or are these issues simply being overlooked?


Insurance challenges continue to be one of the biggest hurdles.


Despite the differences between diabetes and long covid, when looking at people's care journeys, a clear pattern is hard to determine. Both are full of ups and downs and numerous challenges that patients must navigate.



Despite the differences between diabetes and long covid, when looking at people's care journeys, a clear pattern is hard to determine. Both are full of ups and downs and numerous challenges that patients must navigate.


I listened to people living with long covid and diabetes as they shared their experiences within the healthcare system, and on the right are the emotions they expressed the most while interacting with the healthcare system.

I listened to people living with long covid and diabetes as they shared their experiences within the healthcare system, and on the right are the emotions they expressed the most while interacting with the healthcare system.

Negative feelings

*The larger the word, the more frequently people mention the feeling.

*The larger the word, the more frequently people mention the feeling.

Positive feelings

Patients' participation in healthcare


As you can see, people positioned themselves more toward the lower right on the map, indicating that no one in the current healthcare system felt empowered or collaborated with.


This highlights a significant gap between patients and their providers. These placements are based on patients' own perceptions and understandings of the terms used, reflecting their self-assessment.


Patients' participation in healthcare


As you can see, people positioned themselves more toward the lower right on the map, indicating that no one in the current healthcare system felt empowered or collaborated with.


This highlights a significant gap between patients and their providers. These placements are based on patients' own perceptions and understandings of the terms used, reflecting their self-assessment.


Comparing how patients and providers positioned themselves on the map.

Comparing how patients and providers positioned themselves on the map.

How patients, providers, and researchers define terms

How patients, providers, and researchers define terms

Scorecard activity rating

Scorecard activity rating

-2 Very dissatisfied

-2 Very dissatisfied

-1 Dissatisfied

-1 Dissatisfied

0 Neutral

0 Neutral

1 Satisfied

1 Satisfied

2 Very Satisfied

2 Very Satisfied

Compensation

Compensation

People didn't usually get paid for being part of research studies, but they joined to help others and themselves with their health issues. Even though they didn't get money, most felt good about being part of the studies.


People didn't usually get paid for being part of research studies, but they joined to help others and themselves with their health issues. Even though they didn't get money, most felt good about being part of the studies.


-2 Very dissatisfied

-2 Very dissatisfied

-1 Dissatisfied

-1 Dissatisfied

0 Neutral

0 Neutral

1 Satisfied

1 Satisfied

2 Very Satisfied

2 Very Satisfied

-2 Very dissatisfied

-2 Very dissatisfied

-1 Dissatisfied

-1 Dissatisfied

0 Neutral

0 Neutral

1 Satisfied

1 Satisfied

2 Very Satisfied

2 Very Satisfied

Most people were satisfied with the accessibility and accommodations provided by the study groups.


Most people were satisfied with the accessibility and accommodations provided by the study groups.


Accessible engagement

Accessible engagement

Hypothesis generation

Hypothesis generation

Study design

Study design

Analysis

Analysis

It's clear that people living with Long Covid and/or Diabetes weren't included in hypothesis generation, study design, or analysis. However, an equal number of people mentioned the need for involvement in these research activities. This indicates that those living with chronic conditions recognize the value they can offer in each part of the research process, but they're currently not involved.


It's clear that people living with Long Covid and/or Diabetes weren't included in hypothesis generation, study design, or analysis. However, an equal number of people mentioned the need for involvement in these research activities. This indicates that those living with chronic conditions recognize the value they can offer in each part of the research process, but they're currently not involved.


-2 Completely disengaged

-1 Minimally engaged

0 Neutral level of engagement

1 Moderately engaged

2 Fully engaged

Opinions varied. Positive feedback was often expressed by individuals who understood the study's objectives and were aware of its purpose. while negative feedback arose from participants not receiving updates on their involvement or understanding how their data was used.


Opinions varied. Positive feedback was often expressed by individuals who understood the study's objectives and were aware of its purpose. while negative feedback arose from participants not receiving updates on their involvement or understanding how their data was used.


Responsiveness to patients

Responsiveness to patients

Although only four researchers and four providers participated in the same activity, and their numbers are relatively small compared to patient participants, it is noteworthy that the ratings from researchers and providers were similar to those from patients. This similarity suggests that all stakeholder groups have a comparable understanding and experience in research participation, even though the data set is not large enough to draw definitive conclusions.

Although only four researchers and four providers participated in the same activity, and their numbers are relatively small compared to patient participants, it is noteworthy that the ratings from researchers and providers were similar to those from patients. This similarity suggests that all stakeholder groups have a comparable understanding and experience in research participation, even though the data set is not large enough to draw definitive conclusions.

Insights from providers

While reviewing the data, please keep in mind that I was only able to speak with four providers. Drawing conclusions from such a limited sample size introduces some biases.

Insights from providers

While reviewing the data, please keep in mind that I was only able to speak with four providers. Drawing conclusions from such a limited sample size introduces some biases.

3 out of 4 providers I spoke with either had Long COVID themselves or had a family member who was affected by it.

3 out of 4 providers I spoke with either had Long COVID themselves or had a family member who was affected by it.

1 out of 4 providers I spoke with had previously participated in research activities.

1 out of 4 providers I spoke with had previously participated in research activities.

Women

providers were dissatisfied with their placement on the map. They desire more autonomy, feeling that the care they provide is not what their patients truly deserve. They see themselves as powerless to make the necessary changes for their colleagues and patients.

Women

providers were dissatisfied with their placement on the map. They desire more autonomy, feeling that the care they provide is not what their patients truly deserve. They see themselves as powerless to make the necessary changes for their colleagues and patients.

Misinformation

they all look at social media as important part of their patients journey but worried about misinformation and privacy and wanted to have more time so they can go through those information together with their patients

Misinformation

they all look at social media as important part of their patients journey but worried about misinformation and privacy and wanted to have more time so they can go through those information together with their patients

Insight from researchers

While reviewing the data, please keep in mind that I was only able to speak with five researchers. Drawing conclusions from such a limited sample size introduces some biases.

Insight from researchers

While reviewing the data, please keep in mind that I was only able to speak with five researchers. Drawing conclusions from such a limited sample size introduces some biases.

Recruitment is the main challenge researchers face in involving patients and providers in various studies and projects. This often results in a lack of diverse data.

Recruitment is the main challenge researchers face in involving patients and providers in various studies and projects. This often results in a lack of diverse data.

How did the analysis of interview data led to the creation of the provotype?

How did the analysis of interview data led to the creation of the provotype?

Making sense of stage 2

Series of Surveys with Patients, Providers, and Researchers

Making sense of stage 2

Series of Surveys with Patients, Providers, and Researchers

The data interpretation in this stage is based solely on surveys conducted with patients.

The data interpretation in this stage is based solely on surveys conducted with patients.

Why only patients?

Even though the second phase of research was specifically designed to engage more researchers and providers by using a survey, the return rate was low. Only two participants from the first phase and one new researcher who responded to the recruitment emails actually completed the survey. Out of the researchers who responded to my emails, 21 expressed interest but did not fill out the survey. Two individuals were willing to talk to me and provided feedback after viewing the survey videos. Unfortunately, due to IRB requirements and their not signing the consent form, I cannot include their feedback in my research.


Recruitment for second phase survey - providers and researchers/ innovators

Recruitment for second phase survey - patients

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total

participants

Participants’ demographic

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Type 1 diabetes

Caregivers

18-24

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5

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4

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45-54

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95

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Research participation history

82%

has participated in research before.

Surveys

are the most common research format.

No Compensation

was provided for most of their research participation.

Reason for research participation

Help themselves and others like them | To come up with new ideas |Collaborating with providers and researchers | To support diversity

88%

has participated as a subject in research.

Would they be willing to use and engage with a platform like Storify (provotype)?

Because only 10 percent of people said it is unlikely they would use the provotype

When asked whether to keep or remove different features, almost all features were preferred to be kept

And of course comment like this

Yes,

A central hub for both commiserating with other long-COVID people, AND a collection of research studies? All in one place?? If this wasn’t an online survey and a Professional Science Environment I would be hugging you and probably crying a little bit. 

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It’s incredible to feel heard and to be able to be a part of the process.

}

Why would people living with long covid and/or diabetes like the provotype?

It’s been really frustrating to try to figure this all out on my own & I’m grateful that what you’re doing here is the most comprehensive effort I’ve seen yet & seems likely to facilitate real collaboration - and answers. Thank you!

Feel Validated and Heard by Sharing Experiences

Research Related and Being Part of the Process

I like the idea about seeing updates on studies, because many times after participation the results are not shared directly with participants.

This makes research relevant, meaningful, reasonable. I would feel connected to researchers.

Compensation

I like the idea about seeing updates on studies, because many times after participation the results are not shared directly with participants.

It's user friendly, I get to share and listen to people's stories and get paid for my story and opinions.

Find Potential Solutions

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Time, Security, and Usability

also be toxic—people overstepping boundaries in terms of medical advice, dominating the space out of their loneliness or desperation, spreading misinformation or just general bitterness about the medical system, and so on.

The community that grows in patient forums can

Worried that the info will be used in nefarious ways.

Just not certain of time involved and security of personal information.

One of the symptoms many of us experience is 'brain fog' - jumping into another new app with its own quirks and user experience is not easy, so I won't do it unless I really have to.

Why would people living with long covid and/or diabetes not like the provotype?

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If they were to design a feature, what would it be?

Resources tailored to the person sharing their story with 2 or 3 providers that the patient could contact personally.

Based on the shared studies design a study to address our needs and challenges

Provide research studies that match story post.

Live Chat Room, where people can connect live and talk about their experiences with one another, in a safe environment. It would be super nice if doctors and researchers could also listen in to learn about our experiences and what really needs to be researched.

Resources tailored to the person sharing their story with 2 or 3 providers that the patient could contact personally.

Communicating directly with researchers (e.g., asking clarification questions on studies).

Research early data. While this can lead to erroneous conclusions it is better than waiting many months for the final report

Access to surveys or something similar, to provide a more quantitative as opposed to qualitative sample of what people are experiencing.

I would have it either be a hub for advocacy (like petitions) or research (letting users see ongoing studies, submit and upvote research questions, etc.)

Complement features with the research participation

Communication with providers and researchers

Analysis of stories and feedback with AI, technology, ML

}

How do people living with long covid and/or diabetes define stories?

Patients share stories about their lived experiences, while providers' lived experiences are shaped by their patients' stories.

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People wanted features on the awareness, impact, and innovation map.

In the survey, there was a question asking people what changes they would like to see in their healthcare journeys to improve their experiences. Most responses emphasized a desire for more collaboration with providers and researchers. These answers highlighted existing gaps in the healthcare system and underscored the need for greater interaction and understanding among all parties involved.